Varieties and purpose of dental instruments
Modern dentistry has a huge arsenal of devices used for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Dental tools are necessary for examining the oral cavity, removing and replacing teeth, performing surgical procedures and other actions.
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Varieties and purpose of dental instruments
The dentist uses both a universal set of medical devices and specialized toolsrequired to perform narrowly targeted manipulations. There is a generally accepted classification of dental instruments:
- to examine the oral cavity;
- for the treatment and filling of teeth;
- for the preparation of filling and other compositions;
- to remove teeth and their roots;
- to remove dental plaque;
- for processing fillings and root canals.
The listed devices are universal and are necessary for general dental procedures. In addition to them, ordinary and surgical instruments are used in dentistry, intended for highly specialized dentists: orthodontists, orthopedists, periodontists, hygienists, and technicians.
Dental Oral Instruments
Diagnostic devices are included in the basic set that every dentist needs. Their main purpose is to examine the patient's oral cavity to identify problems and find a further way to solve them. In addition, they are necessary in the process of treatment and tooth extraction, with prosthetics.
Each dentist should have in his arsenal:
| Tool name | A photo |
|---|---|
| The tray in which the appliances are placed. |  |
| A dental mirror that enlarges the problem area and is necessary for tapping the tooth surface in order to assess the degree of pain. |  |
| Dental tweezers, the working part of which has a curved shape and allows manipulation in hard to reach places. Also, with the help of this device, the stability of a diseased tooth is checked. |  |
| A dental probe that performs a number of functions: detecting irregularities and other defects on the surface of the teeth, assessing their condition (density, depth, size, degree of pain). |  |
| Dental spatula, necessary to move the cheeks, tongue, lips to the side in order to provide access to the damaged area. |  |
Dental Dental Instruments
Dental treatment tools are diverse. They differ in names, functionality, and also the material from which they are made. The choice of the right tools depends on what problem the patient went to the doctor. The same tools can be used by the dentist in the treatment of a wide range of diseases.
In addition to the basic set of tools used in the treatment of diseased teeth, in dentistry a number of additional devices are used for narrowly targeted actions, for example, prosthetics.
Dental prosthetics instruments
Prosthetics of any complexity requires an individual approach and takes a large amount of time. At each stage of the procedure, its own set of instrumental devices is used.
| Name | A photo |
|---|---|
|
Impression (impression) spoons designed to take impressions from the jaw. They are classified into several main types that are used to take a cast:
If you need to make an impression of the entire dentition, apply large spoons. For an impression of individual dental units - small. Sometimes, along with standard spoons made in production, the technician uses special ones, individually selected. |
 |
| Burs and discs used for tissue preparation. |  |
| Spatulas for stirring solutions. |  |
| Devices used to remove, incise, file the installed crowns. |  |
| Micrometer that determines the thickness of the crown. |  |
Dental Instruments for Dental Filling
The filling procedure using cement or amalgam requires the use of special tools with which:
- A dental cavity is prepared in which a filling will be placed.
- The modeling of the future tooth is carried out.
In modern dental practice, the following tools for dental filling are used:
| Title | A photo |
|---|---|
| The ironer is a small device in the form of a short flat spatula with a handle. It is intended for introducing drugs into the dental cavity, forming temporary and permanent fillings, eliminating the excess material from which the filling is made. |  |
| Spatula - a metal handle, on both sides of which are flat elongated blades. It is used in the preparation of pastes for filling channels, drugs. |  |
| A plugfer is a device whose working part is a round, cylindrical or pear-shaped head. It is used to seal a filling in the tooth cavity. |  |
| An excavator is one of the most common devices in dentistry. It is a pen with sharp spoons along the edges, facing in different directions. The main purpose is the removal of excess filling material, soft plaque, temporary fillings, tartar. |  |
| Tips for a drill. Dental burs and abrasive materials are fixed and transmit rotation from the drill. |  |
In the process of filling, not only basic, but also auxiliary devices can be used: matrix holders, channel fillers, strips.
Dental surgeon tools for tooth extraction
Tooth extraction is one of the most common procedures faced by patients in dental clinics. Instruments of a dental surgeon are very diverse. The main among them are elevators and tongs.
| Name and Description | A photo |
|---|---|
| An elevator is a tool for removing teeth and their roots. There are three varieties: straight, angular, bayonet-shaped. Direct elevators are effective in removing roots in the upper jaw. Angular (lateral) are used to extract the roots removed on the lower jaw. Bayonet elevators are essential for tearing out dental units in the lower jaw. |  |
| Dental forceps performing various functions. To remove teeth from the upper and lower jaws, permanent or temporary, the doctor uses different types of forceps. Most often used nippers. |  |
| A curette is a medical device that resembles a spoon with sharp edges in shape. It is used in surgery to remove damaged tissue and suppuration from the bone. |  |
| A surgical scalpel used to cut soft tissues. |  |
| Surgical scissors for various manipulations related to suturing or removal during surgical interventions. |  |
| Syringe for the administration of an anesthetic drug. |  |
In addition to all of the above, when removing incisors, fangs and molars, you may need tools to separate the gums from the jaw, tweezers to transfer and hold the dressing, needles of various thicknesses and lengths, clamps and forceps to hold the surgical needle.
Dental Removal Tools
Very often, patients who want to get rid of deposits on the surface of the teeth and gums turn to the dentist. For these purposes, tools are released under the following names:
- Curettes. Instruments having a different shape, which contributes to their penetration into any parts of the oral cavity.
- Hooks of various shapes and sizes. They are used to clean the tooth surface and gums from deposits.
- Excavators. Necessary to remove temporary fillings, pieces of food, as well as deposits that form above or below the gum, in the gingival canals.
- Nozzles for pneumatic or ultrasonic scalers. Effective in removing deposits over the gums, as well as in cleaning the area between the teeth. A device such as a scaler is forbidden to use in the presence of subgingival deposits.
- Enamel knife. It is used for polishing and perfecting the color of tooth enamel.
- Root file. A dental instrument used at the final stage of a dental plaque removal procedure. With its help, grinding of the root surface is carried out.
Listed all the basic dental instruments used in modern medical practice, is not so simple. The number of devices that every specialist should have in their arsenal is steadily increasing, since treatment methods are constantly being improved, new approaches to practical activities are being developed, and the quality of services provided is growing. It is important to properly navigate and understand the entire diversity of existing tools, using new technologies and developments.
